JSON-Lang/ir.py

from emis_funky_funktions import *

from typing import Collection, Mapping, Sequence, Tuple, TypeAlias

import types_


Expression: TypeAlias = 'Function | Application | Int | Variable | Builtin | LetBinding | ReplHole'
Pattern: TypeAlias = 'NamePattern | IntPattern | SPattern | IgnorePattern'

@dataclass(frozen=True)
class NamePattern:
	"""
	A pattern which always succeeds to match, and binds a whole expression to a name
	"""
	name: str

	def binds(self, var: str) -> bool:
		"""
		Test to see if this pattern binds a given variable
		"""
		return var == self.name

	def match(self, e: Expression) -> Option[Sequence[Tuple[str, Expression]]]:
		"""
		Match an expression against this pattern

		>>> NamePattern('my_var').match(Int(1))
		Some((('my_var', 1),))
		"""
		return Some(((self.name, e),))

	def __repr__(self) -> str:
		return self.name

	def codegen(self, match_on: str) -> Tuple[Sequence[str], Collection[Tuple[str, str]]]:
		return (tuple(), [(self.name, match_on)])

@dataclass(frozen=True)
class IgnorePattern:
	"""
	A pattern which always succeeds to match, but binds nothing
	"""

	def binds(self, var: str) -> bool:
		"""
		Test to see if this pattern binds a given variable

		For an `IgnorePattern` this is always false
		"""
		return False

	def match(self, e: Expression) -> Option[Sequence[Tuple[str, Expression]]]:
		"""
		Match an expression against this pattern

		>>> IgnorePattern().match(Int(1))
		Some(())
		"""
		return Some(tuple())

	def __repr__(self) -> str:
		return '_'

	def codegen(self, match_on: str) -> Tuple[Sequence[str], Collection[Tuple[str, str]]]:
		return (tuple(), tuple())

@dataclass(frozen=True)
class IntPattern:
	value: int

	def binds(self, var: str) -> bool:
		"""
		Test to see if this pattern binds a given variable

		For an `IntPattern` this is always false
		"""
		return False

	def match(self, e: Expression) -> Option[Sequence[Tuple[str, Expression]]]:
		"""
		Match an expression against this pattern

		>>> IntPattern(2).match(Int(1)) is None
		True

		>>> IntPattern(1).match(Int(1))
		Some(())
		"""
		match e:
			case Int(v) if v == self.value:
				return Some(tuple())
		return None

	def __repr__(self) -> str:
		return repr(self.value)

	def codegen(self, match_on: str) -> Tuple[Sequence[str], Collection[Tuple[str, str]]]:
		return ((f'{match_on} === {self.value}',), tuple())

@dataclass(frozen=True)
class SPattern:
	pred: Pattern

	def binds(self, var: str) -> bool:
		"""
		Test to see if this pattern binds a given variable
		"""
		return self.pred.binds(var)

	def match(self, e: Expression) -> Option[Sequence[Tuple[str, Expression]]]:
		"""
		Match an expression against this pattern

		>>> SPattern(NamePattern('n')).match(Int(1))
		Some((('n', 0),))

		>>> SPattern(NamePattern('n')).match(Int(0)) is None
		True

		>>> SPattern(SPattern(NamePattern('n'))).match(Int(4))
		Some((('n', 2),))
		"""
		match e:
			case Int(v) if v > 0:
				return self.pred.match(Int(v - 1))
		return None

	def __repr__(self) -> str:
		return 'S ' + repr(self.pred)

	def codegen(self, match_on: str) -> Tuple[Sequence[str], Collection[Tuple[str, str]]]:
		pred_conditions, pred_bindings = self.pred.codegen(f'({match_on} - 1)')
		return ((f'{match_on} > 0', *pred_conditions), pred_bindings)

@dataclass(frozen=True)
class ReplHole:
	typ_bindings: types_.Context
	val_bindings: Sequence[Tuple[str, Expression]] = tuple()

	def subst(self, expression: Expression, variable: str) -> Expression:
		return ReplHole(self.typ_bindings, (*self.val_bindings, (variable, expression)))

	def is_value(self) -> bool:
		return True

	def step(self) -> Option[Expression]:
		return None

	def __repr__(self) -> str:
		return "[]"

	def codegen(self) -> str:
		return '[]'

	def render(self) -> str:
		return '\n'.join(
			f'{var_name} = ({var_expr.codegen()});'
			for (var_name, var_expr) in self.val_bindings
		)

@dataclass(frozen=True)
class Builtin:
	name: str
	f: Callable[[Expression], Option[Expression]]
	js: str

	def subst(self, expression: Expression, variable: str) -> Expression:
		return self

	def is_value(self) -> bool:
		return True

	def step(self) -> Option[Expression]:
		return None

	def try_apply(self, v: Expression) -> Option[Expression]:
		return self.f(v)

	def __repr__(self) -> str:
		return "'" + repr(self.name)[1:-1] + "'"

	def codegen(self) -> str:
		return self.js

	@cur2
	@staticmethod
	def _PLUS_CONST(i: int, e: Expression) -> Option[Expression]:
		match e:
			case Int(v):
				return Some(Int(i + v))
		return None

	@staticmethod
	def _PLUS(e: Expression) -> Option[Expression]:
		match e:
			case Int(v):
				return Some(Builtin(f'+{v}', Builtin._PLUS_CONST(v), f'(x => x + {v})'))
		return None

	@staticmethod
	def PLUS() -> 'Builtin':
		return Builtin('+', Builtin._PLUS, '(x => y => x + y)')

	@staticmethod
	def S() -> 'Builtin':
		return Builtin('S', Builtin._PLUS_CONST(1), '(x => x + 1)')

BUILTIN_SUBSTITUTIONS: Sequence[Tuple[str, Expression]] = (
	('+', Builtin.PLUS()),
	('S', Builtin.S()),
)

@dataclass(frozen=True)
class Function:
	forms: Sequence[Tuple[Pattern, Expression]]

	def subst(self, expression: Expression, variable: str) -> Expression:
		return Function([
			(p, e if p.binds(variable) else e.subst(expression, variable))
			for (p, e) in self.forms
		])

	def is_value(self) -> bool:
		return True

	def step(self) -> Option[Expression]:
		return None

	def try_apply(self, v: Expression) -> Option[Expression]:
		match tuple((bindings.val, body) for (pattern, body) in self.forms for bindings in (pattern.match(v),) if bindings is not None):
			case []:
				return None
			case [(bindings, body), *rest]:
				return Some(subst_all(bindings, body))
		raise Exception('Unreachable')

	def codegen_inner(self) -> str:
		return (':'.join(
			(
				'&&'.join(
					iter(pattern.codegen('$local_temp$')[0])
				) or '1'
			) + '?' + (
				'((' + ','.join(
					binding_name
					for (binding_name, binding_value)
					in pattern.codegen('$local_temp$')[1]
				) + f') => ({branch.codegen()}))(' + ','.join(
					binding_value
					for (binding_name, binding_value)
					in pattern.codegen('$local_temp$')[1]
				) + ')'
				if len(pattern.codegen('$local_temp$')[1]) else
				branch.codegen()
			)
			for (pattern, branch) in self.forms
		) or '0?undefined') + ':undefined'

	def codegen(self) -> str:
		return '($local_temp$) => ' + self.codegen_inner()
	def codegen_named(self, name) -> str:
		return f'function {name}($local_temp$){{return {self.codegen_inner()}}}'
	def __repr__(self) -> str:
		return '{ ' + ', '.join('"' + repr(repr(p))[1:-1] + '" : ' + repr(e) for (p, e) in self.forms) + ' }'

@dataclass
class LetBinding:
	lhs: str
	rhs: Expression
	body: Expression

	def subst(self, expression: Expression, variable: str) -> Expression:
		if self.lhs == variable:
			return self
		else:
			return LetBinding(
				self.lhs,
				self.rhs.subst(expression, variable),
				self.body.subst(expression, variable)
			)

	def is_value(self) -> bool:
		return False

	def step(self) -> Option[Expression]:
		if self.rhs.is_value():
			return Some(self.body.subst(
				self.rhs.subst(
					LetBinding(self.lhs, self.rhs, Variable(self.lhs)),
					self.lhs
				),
				self.lhs
			))
		else:
			return map_opt(lambda rhs_step:
				LetBinding(self.lhs, rhs_step, self.body),
				self.rhs.step()
			)

	def __repr__(self) -> str:
		return f'( {repr(self.lhs)}, {repr(self.rhs)}, {repr(self.body)} )'

	def codegen(self) -> str:
		rhs_cg = self.rhs.codegen_named(self.lhs) if isinstance(self.rhs, Function) else self.rhs.codegen()
		return f'(({self.lhs}) => {self.body.codegen()})({rhs_cg})'

@dataclass
class Application:
	first: Expression
	arg: Expression

	def subst(self, expression: Expression, variable: str) -> Expression:
		return Application(
			self.first.subst(expression, variable),
			self.arg.subst(expression, variable)
		)

	def is_value(self) -> bool:
		return False

	def step(self) -> Option[Expression]:
		match self.first.step():
			case Some(first_stepped):
				return Some(Application(first_stepped, self.arg))
			case None:
				match self.arg.step():
					case Some(arg_stepped):
						return Some(Application(self.first, arg_stepped))
					case None:
						assert isinstance(self.first, Function) or isinstance(self.first, Builtin), "Type checking failed to produce valid IR, or preservation of types failed"
						return self.first.try_apply(self.arg)
		raise Exception('Unreachable')

	def __repr__(self) -> str:
		return f'[ {repr(self.first)}, {repr(self.arg)} ]'

	def codegen(self) -> str:
		return f'({self.first.codegen()})({self.arg.codegen()})'

@dataclass
class Int:
	value: int

	def subst(self, expression: Expression, variable: str) -> Expression:
		return self

	def is_value(self) -> bool:
		return True

	def step(self) -> Option[Expression]:
		return None

	def __repr__(self) -> str:
		return str(self.value)

	def codegen(self) -> str:
		return str(self.value)

@dataclass
class Variable:
	name: str

	def subst(self, expression: Expression, variable: str) -> Expression:
		if variable == self.name:
			return expression
		else:
			return self

	def is_value(self) -> bool:
		return False

	def step(self) -> Option[Expression]:
		match self.name:
			case '+':
				return Some(Builtin.PLUS())
			case 'S':
				return Some(Builtin.S())
		return None

	def __repr__(self) -> str:
		return '"' + repr(self.name)[1:-1] + '"'

	def codegen(self) -> str:
		return self.name

def subst_all(bindings: Sequence[Tuple[str, Expression]], body: Expression) -> Expression:
	match bindings:
		case []:
			return body
		case [(var, replacement), *rest]:
			return subst_all(rest, body.subst(replacement, var))
	raise Exception('Unreachable')